Elabscience Protein

Manufacturer: Elabscience

Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) , also known as GA733-2 antigen , is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein composed of an extracellular domain with two EGF-Like repeats and a cystenin-rich region , a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic domain. It modulates cell adhesion and proliferation. Its overexpression has been detected in many epithelial tumours and has been associated with high stage , high grade and a worse survival in some tumour types. EpCAM has been shown to function as a calcium-independent homophilic cell adhesion molecule that does not exhibit any obvious relationship to the four known cell adhesion molecule superfamilies. However , recent insights have revealed that EpCAM participates in not only cell adhesion , but also in proliferation , migration and differentiation of cells. In addition , recent study revealed that EpCAM is the Wnt-beta-catenin signaling target gene and may be used to facilitate prognosis. It has oncogenic potential and is activated by release of its intracellular domain , which can signal into the cell nucleus by engagement of elements of the wnt pathway.

Manufacturer: Elabscience

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (serpin E1) is a serine protease inhibitor which belongs to the serpin family. Serpin E1 acts as 'bait' for tissue plasminogen activator, urokinase, protein C and matriptase-3/TMPRSS7. Its rapid interaction with PLAT may function as a major control point in the regulation of fibrinolysis.

Manufacturer: Elabscience

Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) is a secreted heparin-binding glycoprotein whose expression is associated with vascular smooth muscle cell migration. CHI3L1 is expressed at high levels in postconfluent nodular VSMC cultures and at low levels in subconfluent proliferating cultures. CHI3L1 is a tissue-restricted, chitin-binding lectin and member of glycosyl hydrolase family 18. In contrast to many other monocyto / macrophage markers, its expression is absent in monocytes and strong induced during late stages of human macrophage differentiation. Elevated levels of CHI3L1 are associated with disorders exhibiting increased connective tissue turnover, such as rheum atoid, arthritis, osteoarthritis, scleroderma, and cirrhosis of liver, but is produced in cartilage from old donors or patiens with osteoarthritis. CHI3L1 is abnormally expressed in the hippocampus of subjects with schizophrenia and may be involved in the cellular response to various environmental events that are reported to increase the risk of schizophrenia.

Manufacturer: Elabscience

Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is an enzyme that removes phosphates covalently attached to serine and threonine residues in proteins. It contains three subunits, a catalytic subunit C (PP2Ac), an assembly/structural subunit A (PP2Aa), and a regulatory subunit B (PP2Ab). PP2A is a ubiquitous enzyme that plays a role in regulating many cellular activities varying from ion transport in erythrocytes to suppressing tumor growth. Binding of the SV40 small T antigen to the PP2A phosphatase complex is known to cause oncogenic transformation.

Manufacturer: Elabscience

The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses contains protrusions that will only bind to certain receptors on the host cell. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; DPP4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; APN, aminopeptidase N; CEACAM, carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1; Sia, sialic acid; O-ac Sia, O-acetylated sialic acid. The spike is essential for both host specificity and viral infectivity. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. It's been reported that SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 coronavirus, 2019-nCoV) can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion. The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity. The main functions for the Spike protein are summarized as: Mediate receptor binding and membrane fusion; Defines the range of the hosts and specificity of the virus; Main component to bind with the neutralizing antibody; Key target for vaccine design; Can be transmitted between different hosts through gene recombination or mutation of the receptor binding domain (RBD), leading to a higher mortality rate.

Manufacturer: Elabscience

The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses contains protrusions that will only bind to certain receptors on the host cell. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; DPP4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; APN, aminopeptidase N; CEACAM, carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1; Sia, sialic acid; O-ac Sia, O-acetylated sialic acid. The spike is essential for both host specificity and viral infectivity. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. It's been reported that SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 coronavirus, 2019-nCoV) can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion. The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity. The main functions for the Spike protein are summarized as: Mediate receptor binding and membrane fusion; Defines the range of the hosts and specificity of the virus; Main component to bind with the neutralizing antibody; Key target for vaccine design; Can be transmitted between different hosts through gene recombination or mutation of the receptor binding domain (RBD), leading to a higher mortality rate.

Manufacturer: Elabscience

Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) is one of the bone-growth regulatory factors that belong to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily of proteins. BMPs are synthesized as large precursor molecules, which are cleaved by proteolytic enzymes. The active form of BMP-2 can consist of a dimer of two identical proteins or a heterodimer of two related bone morphogenetic proteins.

Manufacturer: Elabscience

FGF-basic is a members of the Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFs) family. The family constitutes a large family of proteins involved in many aspects of development including cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation. They act on several cell types to regulate diverse physiologic functions including angiogenesis, cell growth, pattern formation, embryonic development, metabolic regulation, cell migration, neurotrophic effects, and tissue repair. FGF-basic is a non-glycosylated heparin binding growth factor that is expressed in the brain, pituitary, kidney, retina, bone, testis, adrenal gland liver, monocytes, epithelial cells and endothelial cells. FGF-basic signals through FGFR 1b, 1c, 2c, 3c and 4.

Manufacturer: Elabscience

Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Subunit B (PDGFB) belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family. Platelet-derived growth factor is a potent mitogen for cells of mesenchymal origin. PDGFB can exist either as a homodimer (PDGF-BB) or as a heterodimer with the platelet-derived growth factor alpha polypeptide (PDGF-AB), where the dimers are connected by disulfide bonds. As growth factor,it plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell migration, survival and chemotaxis. It is required for normal proliferation and recruitment of pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells in the central nervous system, skin, lung, heart and placenta. PDGFB also plays an important role in wound healing.